In a significant ruling ahead of the festive season, the Supreme Court of India has permitted the use of green firecrackers, subject to strict conditions, while emphasizing the need for a robust government-led mechanism to monitor and regulate their usage.
The bench, headed by Justice A.S. Bopanna and Justice M.M. Sundresh, clarified that the court has not imposed a blanket ban on firecrackers but has consistently advocated for the use of environmentally safer alternatives. The court reiterated that only green crackers, which emit reduced levels of pollutants and comply with prescribed safety standards, are allowed.
The judgment came in response to multiple petitions concerning the manufacture, sale, and use of firecrackers, particularly in light of rising air pollution levels during festivals such as Diwali. The court directed both central and state governments to ensure that only certified green crackers are sold and used, and that enforcement agencies take proactive steps to prevent violations.
Key directives from the court include:
- Ban on barium salts and other toxic chemicals in firecrackers remains in force.
- Manufacturers must comply with standards set by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation (PESO).
- State pollution control boards and district administrations must monitor air quality and enforce restrictions where pollution levels are critical.
- Public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate citizens about the health and environmental impact of conventional firecrackers.
The court also expressed concern over the lack of a centralized mechanism to verify and certify green crackers, urging the government to establish a transparent system for oversight and compliance.
The ruling strikes a balance between cultural traditions and environmental responsibility, aiming to reduce the health hazards associated with firecracker pollution while allowing limited celebration through safer alternatives.
Further hearings may be scheduled to assess implementation progress and review compliance reports from state authorities.
